導(dǎo)語(yǔ)：如何才能寫好一篇八年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語(yǔ)，這就需要搜集整理更多的資料和文獻(xiàn)，歡迎閱讀由公務(wù)員之家整理的十篇范文，供你借鑒。

篇1

關(guān)鍵詞：八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)；外研版；教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)

一、教學(xué)目標(biāo)

第一，能運(yùn)用本課有關(guān)友誼的新詞匯和賓語(yǔ)從句的表達(dá)方式咨詢信息，談?wù)撚颜x，進(jìn)行口語(yǔ)交流。

第二，能聽(tīng)懂本單元所提供的聽(tīng)力素材，并完成聽(tīng)力任務(wù)。

二、教學(xué)重難點(diǎn)

理解和掌握以下重點(diǎn)詞匯：whether， personal， public，whether…or not， by the Way。

辨析短語(yǔ)：right now, at once, immediately， whether …or not 與if 的區(qū)別。

三、教學(xué)過(guò)程

1.預(yù)習(xí)檢測(cè)

（1）同義詞

if= relation=

gift= lonely=

（2）詞性變化

person（形容詞）____________

worry（形容詞）_____________

passed（同音詞）____________

usual(副詞)______________

2.導(dǎo)入

T: I worship reporters so much, I really wonder how they work. Well, I would like to ask you when you interview a foreigner, what will be the first question?

S1: …

3.聽(tīng)說(shuō)訓(xùn)練

Now let’s listen to Activity1 for the first time, then find out how many people they are.

（聽(tīng)完第一遍后，學(xué)生說(shuō)出聽(tīng)到的人數(shù)。）

（聽(tīng)完第二遍后，讓學(xué)生起來(lái)說(shuō)出他們的答案。）

（聽(tīng)完第三遍，確認(rèn)答案。）

4.互動(dòng)

（一聽(tīng)）：

回答課本問(wèn)題。

（二聽(tīng)）

T: Can anybody tell us what he has heard?

Who is your close friend?

Can you tell me where he comes from?

由此引出一系列關(guān)于親密朋友的討論，鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生自由發(fā)言。

（三聽(tīng)）：

What kind of questions are personal questions?

Who can go to a public concert?

Why does Chen Huan call Sally a foreigner?

（聽(tīng)完后，教師重新播放一遍錄音，共同訂正答案。）

5.練習(xí)

完成Activity6/7的練習(xí)。

6.課堂達(dá)標(biāo)檢測(cè)

（1）寫出下列重點(diǎn)詞組

個(gè)人問(wèn)題___________

歡迎來(lái)中國(guó)_________

來(lái)自于_____________

事實(shí)上__________

學(xué)漢語(yǔ)___________

在學(xué)校樂(lè)隊(duì)___________

最后一場(chǎng)公眾音樂(lè)會(huì)___________

幾個(gè)月以后___________

（2）你能運(yùn)用所給提示詞與組內(nèi)成員復(fù)述對(duì)話嗎？

If That’s whether…or notask sb. sthbe here with sb.studyinghave heard thatwill be heremiss sb.close to your friend

7.家庭作業(yè)

熟讀對(duì)話，背誦所劃下來(lái)的10個(gè)重點(diǎn)句子。

四、教學(xué)反思

本課時(shí)首先要求掌握的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)是新單詞和短語(yǔ)。因?yàn)槭浅醵膶W(xué)生，所以進(jìn)行了拓展教學(xué)，在采用了歸類、聯(lián)想等教學(xué)方法的同時(shí)，可根據(jù)詞根拓展詞匯，如詞根“per”代表“每一”的意思，除了“personal”之外，還有percent, permit 等；表示立刻、馬上這一含義的短語(yǔ)除了right now,還有immediately, at once 等。

篇2

message...n 消息;信息

answer...vt 回答;接(電話)

telephone...n 電話

afraid...adj 怕;害怕

be out... 出去;在外

moment...n 片刻;瞬間

at the moment... 此刻

cinema...n 電影院;電影

pleasure...n 愉快;高興

Bruce... 布魯斯(男名)

ring...vt & vi 給...打電話

phone...n 電話機(jī)

way...n 道路;方式;方法

by the way... 順便說(shuō);順便問(wèn)一下

photo... 照片

the next day... 第二天

story...n 故事

harvest...n & vt 收獲(物);收割

enough...adj 足夠的;充分的

really...adv 真正地;確實(shí)

ring up... 打電話給...

season...n 季節(jié)

spring...n 春天;春季

everything...pron 每件事;一切

summer...n 夏天;夏季

hot...adj 熱的

wear...vt 穿戴

cool...adj 涼的;涼快的

autumn...n 秋天;秋季

winter...n 冬天;冬季

warm...adj 暖和的

January...n 一月

last...vi 持續(xù)

sydney...n 悉尼(澳大利亞港市)

weather...n 天氣

be different from... 和...不同

at this time of year...在(一年的)這個(gè)時(shí)節(jié)里

letter...n 信

penfriend...n 筆友

Robert... 羅伯特(男名)

well...adj & adv 好

get warm... 變暖和

get long... 變長(zhǎng)

turn green... 變綠

rain...vi下雨 n.雨

lake...n 湖

snow...vi 下雪

skate...vi 滑冰;溜冰

篇3

一． 單項(xiàng)選擇（共15小題，計(jì)15分）( )1. — Where will you live? — I will live ________ a space station.A. at B. in C. on D. to( )2. There ________ an English film this evening. A. will B. is going to have C. is going to be D. will have( )3. —What do you usually have for breakfast? —_______milk and _____eggs.A. A little；a few B. A little；a little C. A few；a little D.A few；a few( )4. Beijing is a very beautiful city. I fell in love ____ it when I came here. A. with B. at C. for D. as( )5.Though the old man lives _______, he doesn’t feel _________.A. lonely; alone B. alone; lonely C. alone, alone D. lonely; lonely( )6. They have________ work today and they’ll have________ tomorrow.A. more；more B. much；much C. much；more D. many；more( )7. —When________ you _______here? —In a month.A. will；moving B. do；move C. will；move D. did；move( )8. There is ____ milk in this glass than in that one.A. less B. little C. least D. fewer( )9. I _______him as soon as he _______ back.A. will tell；will come B. tell；will come C. tell；comes D. will tell；comes( )10. He seems________. A. happily B. happy C. happiness D. to happy( )11. We have to wear _____ uniform to school. A. a B. an C. the D. /( )12. _______ students went to the zoo last Sunday. A. Two hundred B. Two hundred of C. Hundreds C. Hundred of( )13. Japanese companies have already made robots _______. A. to walk and dance B. walking and dancing C. walk and dance D. walked and danced( )14. The prediction that computers will be used at home has __________. A. come over B. come true C. come along D. come out ( )15. —Do you think that there will be more trees in the mountain. —___ A. I hope so. B. I hope not. C. Oh, really? D. Yeah, there will be fewer trees. 二、完形填空。（共10小題，計(jì)15分）Robots seem very new to most people. And they have a long history. The 16 one was made by a Greek inventor (發(fā)明家). You may 17 robots in some films. The robots in these 18 are stronger, faster and cleverer like people. In real life, most robots are used in factories. They are used to do many dangerous, difficult or boring 19 . Some people can’t look after 20 and robots are used to help them. For example, some people can’t see, many of these people use a 21 to help them move around. This dog is called a guide dog. 22 are making a robot to help them. In the future, robots dogs 23 take the place of (代替) these guide dogs.Robots are also 24 in American hospitals. At one hospital, a robot takes meals 25 the kitchen to the sick people’s rooms. It never loses its way because it has a map of the hospital in its computer system (系統(tǒng)). In the future, robots will work in space. But robots will never take the place of human. They can help us in a lot of different ways. ( ) 16. A. first B. second C. third D. fourth( ) 17. A. look B. watch C. look for D. see( ) 18. A. factories B. apartments C. films D. programs( ) 19. A. chores B. homework C. housework D. jobs( ) 20. A. they B. their C. themselves D. them( ) 21. A. dog B. cat C. parrot D. panda( ) 22. A. Doctors B. Reporters C. Teachers D. Scientists( ) 23. A. must B. might C. have to D. have to( ) 24. A. used B. took C. made D. looked( ) 25. A. with B. to C. from D. for三．閱讀理解（共10小題，計(jì)20分）A Dear Anita, In your last letter you asked me about my plans for the future. .First, I will finish high school. Then I will go to college and study to be a doctor. I won’t get married right away because it takes a long time to become a doctor. I want to help sick people. I’m going to learn a lot about illness. Maybe I will find a treatment for cancer. I’ll be famous and I will become very rich. After I become a successful doctor, I’ll get married. I want to marry an interesting person. For example, my wife might be an artist .We will have a wonderful life together. I think we will have one or two children. Doctors get paid quite a lot so I think we will have a nice house. We will travel a lot. I want to visit Australia, Europe, and Africa. Are these plans, or dreams? Do they sound crazy to you? Write soon and tell me about your plans. Your friend Josh 根據(jù)短文判斷正誤26.Josh wants to become a doctor. ( ) 27.Josh wants to get married very soon. ( )28.Josh’s wife might do interesting work..( ) 29.Josh wants to have a lot of children. ( )30.Josh will travel to India.BDo you know the movie I, Robot? It tells us a story about the future.The year is 2035 and robots are just as common as mobile phones. People depend on their robots to do lots things, for example, babysitting, cooking, doing chores and taking their dogs for a walk. Robots have to obey (聽(tīng)從) human’s orders, because their designers make them do so. A police officer called Spooner hates robots. He doesn’t think humans can get on well with their robots at all! But the scientist Susan has different opinions. Susan works on robots’ mind and she thinks one day robots will become more powerful (強(qiáng)大的) than humans and help humans to make progress (進(jìn)步).When Spooner and Susan work together, they find that something is wrong with the world’s robots. A few robots have their own thoughts and they’re trying to get out of humans’ control (控制)! Of course these robots’ dream doesn’t come true. Humans work hard to control their robots again and they succeed at last.( ) 31. The story happened (發(fā)生) in _____________. A. 2010 B. 2020 C. 2035 D. 2040( ) 32. The phrase “depend on” in this article means ____________. A. 依靠 B. 懸掛 C. 相信 D. 取決于( ) 33. Spooner is a __________ and Susan is a ___________. A. scientist; professor B. bank clerk; police officerC. policeman; doctor D. police officer; scientist( ) 34. Susan thinks that one day _____________.A. robots can’t get on well with humansB. robots will help human to make progress C. robots will have their own thoughts D. robots will control the world( ) 35. Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to this article? A. The movie I, Robot talks about the future.B. People use their robots to do everything. C. A few robots want to get out of human’s control. D. At last humans succeed in controlling the robots again.四．詞匯運(yùn)用（共20小題，計(jì)20分）A．從方框內(nèi)選出單詞，用其適當(dāng)形式填空。每空格限填一詞，每詞限用一次。

36. It ________ me two hours to finish my homework every day.37. Let’s go _________ after school.38. There are many famous ________ in Shanghai Bund(上海灘).39. Yang Liwei is one of the best ________ in China.40. There _______ a big concert in our city this evening.41. There are many _________ about the relationship(關(guān)系) between the mainland and Taiwan.B．在短文的空格內(nèi)填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，使其內(nèi)容通順，每空格限填一詞，詞首字母已給。In some science fiction movies，people in the future have their own robots. These robots are just like h 42 .They help with the housework，and do the most u 43 jobs. Robot scientists are not just trying to make robots look like people. For example, there are already robots working in factories. These robots look more like huge arms. They do s____44__ jobs over and over again. People would not like to do such jobs and would get b___45___. But robots will never get bored. In the future, there will be more robots e__46___and humans will have less work to do. New robots will have many different s__47___. Some will look like humans, and others might look like snakes. We will never know what will happen in the future.C．用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。48. Maybe he wants to go _______(skate) tomorrow. 49. He makes his students________ (read) English every day. 50. It’s difficult for robots __________ (think) like humans. 51. I think there _______ (be) less books in the future because people will read on computers.52. Ten years ago students ________(go) to school on foot. 53. In ten years students _______ (take) cars to go to school.54. I need _______ (look) smart for my job interview.. 55. We are now _______(try) to learn English well.五．句型轉(zhuǎn)換。（共5小題，計(jì)10分）56. Sally played football yesterday. (改為一般將來(lái)時(shí)) Sally ______ ________ football tomorrow.57. I think he can finish doing the work on time.(改為同義句) I think he will ______ ______ _______ finish doing the work on time.58. There will be more people in our country. (改為否定句) _______ _______ _______ more people in our country.59. I will live in Shanghai in ten years.(就劃線部分提問(wèn))_______ _______ you live in ten years?60. Our team seems to win the game. (改為同義句) ______ _______ _______ our team will win the game.A. I also like watching sea-fish.B. Where should we meet?C. That’s wonderful!D. Where are you going this weekend?E. when do you plan to leave?F. Do you want to join us?G. I’ll see you then.六．補(bǔ)全對(duì)話（共5小題，計(jì)5分）A: Hi, Mary. 61 .B: Hi, Jack. I’m going to the beach with some friends. 62A: Yeah, that sounds fun. Which beach are you going to?B: We’re thinking about driving to the beach in Qingdao. I like driving, and 63 A: That sounds great! 64B: Well, we are setting off (出發(fā)) at about six o’clock on Friday.A: Great! 65 61_________ 62__________ 63__________ 64___________ 65___________ 七．書面表達(dá)（計(jì)15分）寫作要求：我喜歡英語(yǔ)，我想在10年以后當(dāng)位英語(yǔ)老師。我要盡可能教好我的學(xué)生。我要盡量用英語(yǔ)講課。我要努力使我的課講得生動(dòng)有趣。另外，我們都喜歡聽(tīng)老師講故事，所以我要經(jīng)常給學(xué)生講英語(yǔ)故事，使他們對(duì)英語(yǔ)感興趣，從而能提高他們的聽(tīng)力。我相信我能成為一個(gè)好老師的。詞數(shù)：80左右。

參考答案 一．單項(xiàng)選擇 1-5 CCAAB　6-10 CCADB 11-15 AACBA二、完形填空。16-20 ADBDC 21-25 ADBAC三．閱讀理解26-30 TFFFF 31-35 CADBB四．詞匯運(yùn)用36. takes 37. swimming 38. buildings 39. astronauts 40. will be 41. predictions42. humans 43. unpleasant 44. simple 45. bored 46. everywhere 47. shapes48.skating 49. read 50. to think 51. will be 52. went 53. will go 54. to look 55. trying五．句型轉(zhuǎn)換。56. will play 57. be able to 58. There won’t be 59. Where will 60. It seems that六．補(bǔ)全對(duì)話 61-65 DFAEG七．書面表達(dá) One possible versionI like English. I want to be an English teacher in ten years. I'll teach my students as well as possible. I'll give my lessons in as much English as I can. I'll try my best to make my lessons lively and interesting. Besides, we all like listening to stories. So I'll try often to tell my students stories in English, so that they'll be interested in English and can improve their listening. I believe that I can become a good teacher.

篇4

Ⅰ. 詞匯

A) 根據(jù)句意、首字母或漢語(yǔ)提示,寫出空白處所缺的單詞。

1. S_____travels more slowly than light.

2. W _____ city will you visit next week, Beijing or Shanghai?

3. One day people will f _____ to the moon for vacation.

4. I want to be an astronaut when I grow up. I will live on a s_____ station.

5. She s _____happy today.

6. I think robots will do the_____ (家務(wù)) for us in the future.

7. You need to look smart for your job _____(面試).

8. Are you afraid of _____(蛇)?

9. In spring, flowers come out _____(處處).

10. I’ll have many different _____(寵物) in my home.

B) 用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

1. There are many tall_____(build) in big cities.

2. Don’t worry about me, mum. I can look after_____(I) and keep healthy.

3. The trip was_____(pleasant) because there were too many people and too much noise in the place of interest.

4. The boy is interested in science. His dream is to become a_____(science).

5. Japanese companies have already_____(make) robots walk and dance.

6. Robots do simple jobs over and over again and they will never get_____(bore).

7. My father_____(take) the bus to work five years ago. Now he drives to work.

8. The boy_____(fall) off the bike and hurt his left leg yesterday.

9. I hope there will be _____(little) pollution and more trees in that area.

10. The time is too short. It’s _____(possible) for me to finish this work.

Ⅱ. 單項(xiàng)選擇

1. Zhai Zhigang is _____astronaut, and his wife is _____worker.

A. a; a B. an; an C. a; an D. an; a

2. Can a robot do the same things _____ a human?

A. of B. for C. as D. like

3. Wait a moment, please. I need a piece of_____to write down your phone number on.

A. bread B. paper C. cake D. music

4. Did Mr Smith get_____while he did the simple andjob again and again?

A. bored, boring B. bored, bored

C. boring, boring D. boring, bored

5. ―Does Wang Ming live _____ ?

―No. He lives with his parents.

A. happily B. alone C. safely D. healthily

6. In a few years’ time, there will be_____ trees on the mountain.

A. a hundred of B. a hundreds

C. hundred of D. hundreds of

7. What made Sally_____ just now?

A. cry B. to cry C. crying D. cries

8. To keep healthy, we should eat_____vegetables andmeat.

A. much; little B. many; few

C. more; less D. more; fewer

9. My brother is too young to_____himself.

A. put on B. dress C. wear D. put

10. Both of the T-shirts look nice on me. I can’t decide_____ to buy.

A. which B. when C. how D. where

11. People will use robots _____ the housework in the future.

A. do B. to do C. doing D. to doing

12. I predict that there will be more computers _____ in the future.

A. every place B. no place C. nowhere D. everywhere

13. Miss Wang_____ to have known the bad news.

A. needs B. wants C. seems D. sounds

14. What do you think_____ this afternoon?

A. Mary will do B. Mary does

C. does Mary do D. will Mary do

15. ―Will there be much more trees in the future than now?

― _____. Because people are planting more and more trees every year.

A. No, there won’t B. Yes, they are

C. No, there aren’t D. Yes, there will

Ⅲ. 句型轉(zhuǎn)換按括號(hào)內(nèi)的要求改寫下列句子,每空限填一詞。

1. There will be a school trip this afternoon. (改為一般疑問(wèn)句并作肯定回答)

―_______________ a school trip this afternoon?

―Yes,_______________ .

2. We went to Beijing last summer and visited some places of interest. (用next year替代last summer改寫句子)

We_______________to Beijing next year andsome places of interest.

3. How is the weather in your hometown now? (改為一般將來(lái)時(shí))

____________________the weather in your hometown tomorrow?

4. We will have a class meeting in three clays. (對(duì)畫線部分提問(wèn))

____________________ you have a class meeting?

5. To work hard at our lessons is possible for us. (改為同義句)

_______________for us to work hard at our lessons.

Ⅳ. 漢譯英根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)句子,完成英語(yǔ)句子,每空限填一詞。

1. 明年我的妹妹就能夠自己穿衣服了。

My sister ______________________________ herself next year.

2. 如果你努力的話, 你的夢(mèng)想總有一天會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)的。

If you work hard, your dream will probably some day.

3. 你認(rèn)為人們家中將會(huì)有機(jī)器人嗎?

Do you think______________________________robots in people’s homes?

4. 她一到北京,就愛(ài)上了這座城市。

She______________________________ Beijing as soon as she got to the city.

5. 未來(lái)生活是什么樣子的?

What _______________the life_______________ in the future?

6. 對(duì)年輕人來(lái)說(shuō),周末去滑冰是一件有趣的事情。

It _______________for the young_______________ at weekends.

7. 你認(rèn)為將來(lái)會(huì)有更少的野生動(dòng)物,更多的動(dòng)物園嗎?

Do you think _______________ wild animals, but _______________zoos?

8. 瑪麗今天很不高興,因?yàn)榄偞┑男退囊粯印?/p>

Mary felt _______________today, because Jane wore_______________shoes_______________she did.

9. 中國(guó)計(jì)劃在幾年后建立一個(gè)太空站。

China plans to build a _______________ in a few years.

10. 機(jī)器人可以重復(fù)地做簡(jiǎn)單的工作,而且從不感到厭煩。

Robots can do simple jobs _______________ again, and they will never _______________ .

Ⅴ. 完形填空

Robots are no longer part of the science fiction movies, and they have become a real part of our daily life. With the help of robots, we are having ____ 1____and relaxing lives.

Robots are developing quickly. They can leap, jump, roll, climb, and fly. They are trying____2____everything for human beings. Now, robots can sweep our floors, play games with people on the computer, and even save people ____3 ____ drowning(淹死). They can also understand human speech, so they can do ____4 ____people tell them to do.

Consider____5____ more work robots can do than you. They never____6____ working until they break down. You can finish 50 orders in a day,____7____robots can finish 500 orders in an hour. And in general(一般來(lái)說(shuō)), they don’t make any mistakes.

So what ____ 8 ____ if robots can do anything for people? Maybe we will become 9 and even lose our jobs. Will this lead to the downfall(墮落) of humans?

Do you 10 robots will be good or bad for our lives?

1. A. interesting B. boring C. hard D. unhappy

2. A. do B. to do C. not to do D. not do

3. A. from B. in C. out of D. for

4. A. why B. where C. when D. what

5. A. how many B. how much C. how often D. how long

6. A. start B. want C. stop D. hate

7. A. while B. because C. as D. so

8. A. happens B. happened C. will happen D. happening

9. A. hard B. lazy C. intelligent D. foolish

10. A. like B. look C. make D. think

Ⅵ. 閱讀理解

(A)

Today people can use the phone to talk with others almost anywhere on the earth. But when you use the phone, you can’t see the person you are talking with. But that may change even tomorrow morning.

Perhaps you have already heard of a kind of telephone called the picture phone or vision phone. With it, two people who are talking can see each other.

Picture phones can be useful when you have something to show the person you’re calling. They may have other uses in the future. One day you may be able to ring up a library and ask to see a book. Then you’ll be able to read the book right over your picture phone. Or you may be able to go shopping through your picture phone. If you see something in the newspaper that you want to buy, you’ll go to your phone and call the shop. People at the shop will show you the thing you’re interested in right over the phone. You’ll be able to shop all over the town and never leave your room!

1. Today people can use the phone to talk with others ____ .

A. in all the towns B. in some places in the world

C. only in big cities D. almost anywhere on the earth

2. The underlined word “it” in the second paragraph means ____ .

A. the picture phone B. any phone

C. the use D. the change

3. We can ____ through the picture phone according to the passage.

A. write a book B. do shopping

C. play games D. have classes

4. Picture phones are very ____ when two people talking over the phone hope to see each other.

A. useful B. impossible C. bad D. badly

5. Which of the following is WRONG according to the passage?

A. Today some people are using the telephone to talk to each other.

B. With the picture phone, two people can’t see each other while talking.

C. The phone is very useful.

D. Today people can use the picture phone to shop at home.

(B)

I guess that I will work in ten years, but I don’t know what job I will have. Maybe a reporter or a singer? But I can tell you what I’ll do next week――celebrate my birthday with my friends. I’m too busy enjoying my life now to worry about the future!

There’s one thing I really want to do. That is to travel around the world. I hope I will live somewhere different in ten years. Somewhere really interesting like Australia, or even Japan――who knows? I’d like to be a teacher and I’ll probably teach English after leaving college.

I’m not really sure about the future. I know that I’m going to go to college and I also think that I will get married(結(jié)婚) sometime in ten years. I’d like to have a family and I want to have an interesting job as well. I’m interested in writing, so I’ll probably work as a writer.

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,判斷下列句子的正(T)誤(F)。

6. Linda is too busy to celebrate her birthday with her friends.

7. Emma thinks Australia and Japan are both interesting places.

8. Mary thinks she will live alone and work as a writer in ten years.

9. Linda and Mary want to do the same job in ten years.

10. Emma and Mary both think they will go to college in the future.

Ⅶ. 書面表達(dá)

如今,社會(huì)在進(jìn)步,經(jīng)濟(jì)在發(fā)展,人們的生活在一天更比一天好。請(qǐng)你從人們的生活方式、生活習(xí)慣及工作環(huán)境等方面,暢想一下50年后人們的生活狀況。詞數(shù):不少于80個(gè),開(kāi)頭給出的語(yǔ)句不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。

Life in fifty years will be different from life today. Many changes will take place. But what will the changes be?

____________________________________________________.

Unit 2What should I do?

Ⅰ. 詞匯

A) 根據(jù)句意、首字母或漢語(yǔ)提示,寫出空白處所缺的單詞。

1. ―What’s the time, please?

―Sorry, my watch doesn’t work. There’s something w____with it.

2. I’m lucky to get a t____ to the football match.

3. You shouldn’t a____about daily trifles(小事) with your parents.

4. Don’t p____the CDs too loud. I’m going to bed.

5. ―Why are you unhappy?

―Because I didn’t do well in the exam. I think I may f the exam.

6. We all went to the movies last night____(除了) Lucy.

7. My friend borrowed some money from me a few days ago and didn’t____(歸還) it.

8. The tour____(包括) a visit to the Science Museum.

9. Many parents ____ (督促) their children too hard.

10. Children need time and ____(自由) to relax.

B) 選擇方框中的單詞或短語(yǔ)并用其適當(dāng)形式填空,使句意完整。

argue, keep out, in style, get on, complain about,

fit ... into, compare ... with, call up, upset, find out

1. Let’s ________Erin and invite her to the movie.

2. Yesterday I had an________with my best friend.

3. When I ________I passed the exam, I was very excited.

4. You need to wear warm clothes ________the cold.

5. The fashion girl always loves clothes ________.

6. The boy is always ready to help others, so he________well with his classmates.

7. Some children ________ having no time to relax every day.

8. I don’t think it’s good for parents________their own children ________other children.

9. Now more and more parents try to ________as much as possible________ their kids’ lives.

10. Emilio is ________ because his friend didn’t invite him to the party.

Ⅱ. 單項(xiàng)選擇

1. ―Could you please give me ________?

―Sure.

A. any advices B. some advices

C. an advice D. some advice

2. Jim is upset because he argued ________ his best friend this morning.

A. to B. as C. with D. over

3. Would you please turn your radio down a little? It is so ________.

A. easy B. loud C. difficult D. interesting

4. You must do your homework as________as possible.

A. careful B. more careful

C. carefully D. more carefully

5. Some children might find it difficult to plan things for________ when they grow up if parents are always trying to plan everything for .

A. their; themselves B. themselves; they

C. themselves; their D. themselves; them

6. I didn’t believe it ________ my friend told me about it.

A. until B. after C. when D. as

7. Yesterday I________to take my homework with me. I ________it at home.

A. forgot; forgot B. left; left

C. forgot; left D. left; forgot

8. Anna didn’t go to the movie. Dennis didn’t go to the movie,________.

A. either B. too C. also D. so

9. Mary wants to buy a new jacket because she thinks her old one is________.

A. in fashion B. in style

C. in common D. out of style

10. How much did you________ for the computer?

A. take B. pay C. spend D. buy

11. Linda did her best in the English test, but she________ .

A. lost B. missed C. passed D. failed

12. It is very cold outside. Why not put on the overcoat to________ the wind?

A. keep out B. take in

C. talk about D. ask for

13. My best friend Zhao Min told a lie to me. I don’t know________to do.

A. how B. what C. where D. when

14. ― ________?

―My computer doesn’t work.

A. What’s the matter B. How do you like your computer

C. What should I do D. What are you doing

15. ―You could get a tutor to help you with your English.

― ________ . But my parents don’t have enough money.

A. It doesn’t matter B. You’re welcome

C. That’s a good idea D. I don’t think so

Ⅲ. 句型轉(zhuǎn)換按括號(hào)內(nèi)的要求改寫下列句子。每空填一詞。

1. Tom has a headache. (對(duì)畫線部分提問(wèn))

________________________________Tom?

2. I think you should buy a new bike. (改為否定句)

I ________you________buy a new bike.

3. It seems that he likes English very much. (改為同義句)

He________________English very much.

4. He should call her up. (對(duì)畫線部分提問(wèn))

________________________ he ________?

5. My father got back after 10 last night. (改為同義句)

My father________back________________ 10 last night.

Ⅳ. 漢譯英根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)句子,完成英語(yǔ)句子。每空填一詞。

1. 學(xué)生們應(yīng)該融洽相處。

Students should ________________________each other.

2. 我們總是把易建聯(lián)和姚明作比較。

We are always________Yi Jianlian________Yao Ming.

3. 上周我送給他兩張足球賽的票。

I gave him two________________the football match last week.

4. 你查出飛機(jī)起飛的時(shí)間了嗎?

Did you ________________when the plane would take off?

5. 我表妹和我一樣大。

My cousin is________________ me.

6. 你應(yīng)該向你爸爸要點(diǎn)錢來(lái)付書款。

You ________ your father ________some money to________ the books.

7. 我們班里除了我以外,每個(gè)人都已經(jīng)收到了邀請(qǐng)。

________in my class________invited________.

8. 他們直到昨天下午才完成那項(xiàng)工作。

They________the work________ yesterday afternoon.

9. 我們沒(méi)有足夠的時(shí)間玩電腦游戲。

We ________have ________to ________ computer________.

10. 我不想跟你打架。

I don’t want________you.

Ⅴ. 完形填空

Dear Linda,

Without knowing more about you, it is hard for me to give you any good advice.

But first, I am sure that you are ____1____. You said that nobody would care if you left home. What about your____2____ and other family members? It seems that you are very ____3____. You’d better go to see a doctor or talk ____4____your parents. They will be able to help you.

Second, I’m sure there’s someone ____ 5 ____in your class who feels lonely, too. You never know____ 6____other people feel. Try to make friends with your classmates. And you could ____7____ a club to meet new people and make friends with them, too.

You ____ 8____ find happiness in yourself. So my last advice is____9 ____a list of all the good things about yourself, learn to like yourself, and then others will see your confidence and ____10____you, too.

Editor

1. A. busy B. right C. clever D. wrong

2. A. parents B. classmates C. friends D. teachers

3. A. popular B. sad C. tired D. surprised

4. A. at B. about C. with D. of

5. A. other B. else C. another D. every

6. A. why B. how C. when D. where

7. A. study B. leave C. join D. start

8. A. mustn’t B. shouldn’t C. have to D. need to

9. A. write B. to write C. wrote D. writes

10. A. like B. hate C. visit D. want

Ⅵ. 閱讀理解

(A)

Dear Editor,

I’m a middle school student. I have something to talk with you. In my school, many students have mobile phones(手機(jī)). They think it’s cool to have a mobile phone. Really the phones come in fun colors and let students talk with their parents and friends at any time. But I don’t think it’s good for students to use them at school. Many students use mobile phones to send messages(短信). It takes them a lot of time to do that. Some students always hope to buy the latest(最新的) mobile phones and this will waste their parents’ money. And my father tells me that most mobile phones can cause(引起) health problems. Could you do something to stop it?

Yours,

Mary

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從A、B、C、D中選擇正確答案。

1. Who wrote the letter?

A. A parent. B. An editor.

C. A student. D. A teacher.

2. The writer of the letter wants to tell the editor that____ .

A. many students in her school don’t work hard

B. many students in her school have mobile phones

C. many teachers in her school use mobile phones

D. many parents buy mobile phones

3. Students use mobile phones to____.

A. talk with their parents and friends and send messages

B. learn from others

C. to study English

D. talk with their teachers

4. The students want to have the latest mobile phones. And it will____ .

A. waste their parents’ time

B. waste their parents’ money

C. save(節(jié)約) their time

D. save their money

5. The writer thinks that students____.

A. can’t use a mobile phone at home

B. should use mobile phones at any time

C. must have a mobile phone at school

D. shouldn’t use mobile phones at school

(B)

My name is Zhao Min. I am a middle school student. I have a lot of problems recently. First, I’m not happy in class. I’m so shy that I’m afraid of speaking in class. Second, I argued with my best friend. I’m very worried because I have few friends. I don’t want to lose her. Third, I feel nervous as the mid-term exams are coming. And even I can’t sleep well at night.

Yesterday, my mother took me to the doctor. I told the doctor my problems and he gave me some advice. He asked me to make more friends and play games in my free time, so that I’m not so shy. He also said, “If you don’t want to lose your best friend, you should talk with her. Tell her what you think and you will be the best friends again.” Because I can’t sleep well, he asked me to eat some foods good for sleep. And he asked me to relax. I’m trying to follow his advice.

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,完成下面的表格。

Information Card

Ⅶ. 書面表達(dá)

認(rèn)真閱讀下面的來(lái)信,然后請(qǐng)你以趙老師的語(yǔ)氣給王敏寫一封回信,并給她提出一些恰當(dāng)?shù)慕ㄗh。

Dear Miss Zhao,

How are you? I failed my English test again. I thought I had tried my best, but why? I am afraid to tell my parents about it, so I was very upset. Could you tell me what I should do?

Yours,

Wang Min

Key to Unit 1:

Ⅰ. A) 1. Sound2. Which3. fly4. space5. seems6. housework

7. interview8. snakes9. everywhere10. pets

B) 1. buildings2. myself3. unpleasant4. scientist5. made

6. bored7. took8. fell9. less10. impossible

Ⅱ. 1-5 DCBAB6-10 DACBA11-15 BDCAD

Ⅲ. 1. Will there be; there will2. are going; visit

3. What will; be like4. How soon will5. It’s possible

Ⅳ. 1. will be able to dress2. come true3. there will be

4. fell in love with5. will; be like6. is fun; to go skating

7. there will be fewer; more8. unhappy; the same; as

9. space station10. over and over; get bored

Ⅴ. 1-5 ABADB6-10 CACBD

Ⅵ. 1-5 DABAB6-10 FTFFT

Ⅶ. One possible version:

Life in fifty years will be different from life today. Many changes will take place. But what will the changes be?

People will work fewer hours than they do now and they will have more free time for sports, watching TV and traveling. Traveling will be much cheaper and easier. More people will go to other countries for holidays.

There will be changes in our food, too. There will be less room for cows and sheep, so meat will be more expensive. Maybe no one will eat it every day. Instead they will eat more fruit and vegetables. Maybe people will be healthier than now.

Work in the future will be different, too. Dangerous and hard work will be done by robots. Because of this, many people will not have enough work to do. This will be a problem.

Key to Unit 2:

Ⅰ. A) 1. wrong2. ticket3. argue4. play5. fail6. except7. return

8. includes/included9. push10. freedom

B) 1. call up2. argument3. found out4. to keep out5. in style

6. gets on7. complain about8. to compare; with9. fit; into

10. upset

Ⅱ. 1-5 DCBCD6-10 ACADB11-15 DABAC

Ⅲ. 1. What’s wrong with2. don’t think; should3. seems to like

4. What should; do5. didn’t get; until

IV. 1. get on well with2. comparing; with3. tickets to/for4. find out

5. the same age as6. should ask; for; pay for

7. Everyone; has been; except me8. didn’t finish; until

9. don’t; enough time; play; games10. to have a fight with

Ⅴ. 1-5 DABCB6-10 BCDBA

Ⅵ. 1-5 CBABD6. speak in class7. play games in free time

8. talk with her9. sleep well10. good for sleep

Ⅶ. One possible version:

Dear Wang Min,

How are you? I’m sorry to know that you failed your English test again. I know you work hard. Don’t worry about it. Remember: Failure is the mother of success. Maybe you should tell your parents about it and they can also help you.

Now I will tell you something about how to study English. I hope it will help you.

1. You should work hard in class. Listen carefully, use your head, ask and answer questions, work with your partners, do your homework carefully and so on.

2. You should do more listening, speaking, reading and writing.

3. It is good to think in English.

Well, I’ll stop here. Good luck!

篇5

首先，對(duì)于我來(lái)說(shuō)，八年級(jí)下冊(cè)是一個(gè)不平凡的學(xué)年度，為了適應(yīng)它的艱苦，它的不平凡，我一定要將自己變得不平凡！

在這個(gè)寒假，我自學(xué)完了八年級(jí)下冊(cè)的物理，都說(shuō)八下物理是初中階段最難，但是我還是學(xué)會(huì)了，學(xué)完了。最關(guān)鍵的是，我還是自學(xué)！對(duì)于我來(lái)說(shuō)，它不平凡，是我光輝的一件事。

其次，我還自學(xué)完了八下數(shù)學(xué)，在此不做詳談。

最令我驕傲的，莫過(guò)于生地。下學(xué)期要生地會(huì)考，這是很令我頭疼的一件事，我初一貪玩，基礎(chǔ)薄弱，所以要好好利用假期，補(bǔ)習(xí)生地，奇跡般的，我不僅補(bǔ)習(xí)完了，而且自學(xué)完了八下生地！這很令我驕傲，希望考好生地會(huì)考，打好中考第一槍。

篇6

【關(guān)鍵詞】初中 英語(yǔ)教材 整合 策略

2012年起牛津英語(yǔ)教材在進(jìn)行一次較大的調(diào)整后成為9年制義務(wù)教育初中英語(yǔ)教材。調(diào)整后的教材雖然在難度上比牛津英語(yǔ)教材有所降低，但全冊(cè)仍有8個(gè)單元，每個(gè)單元8個(gè)板塊，按教學(xué)計(jì)劃要求，1個(gè)單元需要7-8課時(shí)，加上一些必要的復(fù)習(xí)課和習(xí)題講評(píng)課等，按每周5個(gè)課時(shí)規(guī)定，1個(gè)單元大概需花2周左右時(shí)間，這就產(chǎn)生了課時(shí)緊而任務(wù)重的矛盾?！队⒄Z(yǔ)新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》提出，“教師要善于結(jié)合實(shí)際教學(xué)需要，靈活地和有創(chuàng)造性地使用教材，對(duì)教材的內(nèi)容、編排順序、教學(xué)方法等方面進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)娜∩峄蛘{(diào)整”。因此，英語(yǔ)老師在開(kāi)展實(shí)際教學(xué)時(shí)要用整體觀審視教材，在紛繁復(fù)雜的語(yǔ)言內(nèi)容中抓住主線，科學(xué)高效地整合教材，避免出現(xiàn)時(shí)緊時(shí)松現(xiàn)象，實(shí)現(xiàn)課堂效率的最大化。

一、初中英語(yǔ)教材整合的原則

教材整合不能盲目根據(jù)個(gè)人喜好隨意進(jìn)行，要充分考慮課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的要求和實(shí)際教學(xué)的需要。N格蘭特曾經(jīng)在‘Making the Most of Your Textbook’一書中列出了教材重組與整合的4個(gè)原則：1.體現(xiàn)交際性原則；2.體現(xiàn)相關(guān)性和目的性原則；3.滿足學(xué)習(xí)者需求原則；4.體現(xiàn)語(yǔ)言材料真實(shí)性原則 。程曉堂教授在此基礎(chǔ)上提出了教材整合的5點(diǎn)要求：1.使教學(xué)活動(dòng)更具有可操作性；2.使教學(xué)活動(dòng)的挑戰(zhàn)性更加適合學(xué)生水平；3.使教學(xué)活動(dòng)更加貼近學(xué)生的生活實(shí)際；4.使教學(xué)活動(dòng)的步驟繁簡(jiǎn)適當(dāng)；5.使教學(xué)活動(dòng)的形式更加符合實(shí)際情況。

二、初中英語(yǔ)教材整合內(nèi)容

根據(jù)教材整合原則，對(duì)教材進(jìn)行整合包括內(nèi)容的增刪、調(diào)整和對(duì)內(nèi)容先后順序調(diào)整兩大方面。

1.教材內(nèi)容的增刪調(diào)整。

（1）教材內(nèi)容的增。教材內(nèi)容的增可以指從其它教學(xué)參考資料中挑選部分內(nèi)容進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充，使教材內(nèi)容體系更完整、更貼近學(xué)生的生活實(shí)際。以義務(wù)教育教科書初中英語(yǔ)八年級(jí)上冊(cè)為例（Unit8 Natural Disasters），閱讀文章是關(guān)于臺(tái)灣大地震的，在實(shí)際教學(xué)中可以補(bǔ)充一些有關(guān)近年發(fā)生地震的內(nèi)容，如日本地震、雅安地震和最近發(fā)生的甘肅定西地震等，這樣不僅可以豐富教學(xué)內(nèi)容，而且可以提高學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣，使教學(xué)更加貼近學(xué)生的生活。再如Unit4 Do it yourself中study skills板塊內(nèi)容是否定前綴un-，in-和im-，在教學(xué)中可以補(bǔ)充否定前綴dis-，和ir-等，使學(xué)生的知識(shí)體系更加完整。

（2）教材內(nèi)容的刪。這種調(diào)整主要將教材前后內(nèi)容極其接近的內(nèi)容刪除，包括在前一冊(cè)教材中已出現(xiàn)過(guò)的內(nèi)容。如Unit 5的Grammar板塊A部分，內(nèi)容是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞may表示可能的用法，有關(guān)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞在七年級(jí)下冊(cè)Unit 7中已出現(xiàn)過(guò)表示許可用法的內(nèi)容，在七年級(jí)下冊(cè)Unit 3 Comic strip板塊出現(xiàn)過(guò)Maybe we can order a pizza的內(nèi)容，句型中有了maybe表示“也許”的用法，教學(xué)時(shí)已經(jīng)辨析了maybe 和may be的用法，在七年級(jí)下冊(cè)2次出現(xiàn)may的用法，所以八年級(jí)上冊(cè)就可以作為復(fù)習(xí)，簡(jiǎn)略即可。再如，Unit 3 Grammar板塊B部分主要講授的內(nèi)容是反身代詞，而這一知識(shí)點(diǎn)在七年級(jí)下冊(cè)Unit 5 Amazing things 中的Reading板塊中已經(jīng)有所涉及，學(xué)生也接觸過(guò)了類似enjoy oneself等一系列不同形式的有關(guān)反身代詞的用法搭配，所以在這里只要作總結(jié)、歸納、復(fù)習(xí)即可。

2.教材內(nèi)容先后順序的調(diào)整。教材內(nèi)容先后順序的調(diào)整主要包括同一單元、不同單元以及不同年級(jí)內(nèi)容之間的調(diào)整。

（1）同一單元內(nèi)容的調(diào)整 如Unit 1 Integrated skills的聽(tīng)力部分的主題是Future plans，敘述的是自己將來(lái)的計(jì)劃，而Speak up的主題是What’s he like？ 敘述的是介紹自己的朋友，這兩部分內(nèi)容相去較遠(yuǎn)，很難融合在1節(jié)課中教學(xué)，而本單元Welcome to the unit板塊的主題是Qualities of a good friend，與Speak up主題較為接近，也較容易結(jié)合，將它們整合在一起教學(xué)效果相對(duì)較好。再如，Unit 1 Study skills內(nèi)容是詞匯的歸類，如花1個(gè)課時(shí)講授，顯然內(nèi)容較少、課堂容量過(guò)少，而本單元Task板塊My best friend A部分表格里首先列出Words about people，可以將study skills 部分的內(nèi)容與之整合，讓學(xué)生通過(guò)brainstorming 來(lái)列出詞匯，并自然而然歸類。

（2）不同單元內(nèi)容之間的調(diào)整 如八年級(jí)上冊(cè)的語(yǔ)法重點(diǎn)之一是比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)，這些內(nèi)容橫跨了3個(gè)單元，Unit 1是形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)，Unit 2 是數(shù)量的比較級(jí)、副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)，Unit 3 是as…as…的用法。如果分三3個(gè)單元講教授，很難形成完整的體系，將它們整合在一起講授，不一定要化1個(gè)課時(shí)，可以根據(jù)學(xué)生實(shí)際情況分幾個(gè)課時(shí)連續(xù)講授。首先從Unit 3 as…as…的同級(jí)比較再到形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)，同時(shí)穿插與之相似的副詞比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)，最后到數(shù)量的比較，能更加符合學(xué)生的認(rèn)知規(guī)律。再如，有關(guān)動(dòng)詞不定式的語(yǔ)法也分2個(gè)單元講授，Unit 5 的2個(gè)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)may 和動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)，是2個(gè)相對(duì)獨(dú)立的語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目，反而和Unit 6的動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)相關(guān)。之前提到的may的用法可以作簡(jiǎn)略處理，這樣就可以將Unit 6的語(yǔ)法內(nèi)容提前歸類講授。

（3）不同年級(jí)內(nèi)容間的調(diào)整 這類調(diào)整主要出現(xiàn)在對(duì)教材內(nèi)容的淺層拓展上。如在Unit 6 Study skills板塊的內(nèi)容是后綴-er，-or和-ist，這個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)與七年級(jí)下冊(cè)Unit 2 Integrated skills 板塊的內(nèi)容 Different jobs 相關(guān)，在七年級(jí)下冊(cè)教學(xué)時(shí)可以適當(dāng)拓展，這樣再次遇到這個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的時(shí)就可以簡(jiǎn)略處理。

總之，初中英語(yǔ)教材通過(guò)整合后更加符合學(xué)生語(yǔ)言的接受能力和認(rèn)知規(guī)律，使學(xué)生更易理解與接受。幫助學(xué)生找出教材內(nèi)在規(guī)律，更容易形成語(yǔ)言知識(shí)體系，同時(shí)也增加了英語(yǔ)教學(xué)的開(kāi)放性和靈活性，增強(qiáng)了學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣，提高了課堂實(shí)效。教材整合的過(guò)程是教學(xué)內(nèi)容與教學(xué)方式綜合優(yōu)化的過(guò)程，是對(duì)教師教學(xué)智慧的挑戰(zhàn)。教師只有深入理解教材，了解學(xué)生的知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)才能有效整合教材，優(yōu)化教學(xué)過(guò)程，提高課堂效率。

參考文獻(xiàn)：

[1]教育部.英語(yǔ)課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)教師讀本（修訂本）[M].武漢：華中師范大學(xué)出版社，2003（35）.

篇7

關(guān)鍵詞：方法 能力 質(zhì)量 八年級(jí) 英語(yǔ)

中圖分類號(hào)：G633.41 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼：C DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1672-8181.2013.22.200

1 引言

八年級(jí)是初中教學(xué)的承上啟下階段，既是對(duì)初一所學(xué)知識(shí)的總結(jié)與鞏固階段，也是為中考打牢基礎(chǔ)，夯實(shí)知識(shí)體系的準(zhǔn)備階段，這也給八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)的課堂教學(xué)提出了更高的要求。筆者結(jié)合教學(xué)實(shí)踐，認(rèn)為提高八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)課堂教學(xué)水平應(yīng)該從注重方法、培養(yǎng)能力、提高質(zhì)量三個(gè)方面著手。

2 新時(shí)期初中生學(xué)習(xí)特點(diǎn)分析

新時(shí)代的初中生在英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)方面具有更多鮮明的時(shí)代特色和個(gè)性需求，他們朝氣蓬勃，正處于生長(zhǎng)與發(fā)育的關(guān)鍵階段，對(duì)知識(shí)的記憶力、吸納力和理解力不斷發(fā)展，對(duì)英語(yǔ)也具備了一定的知識(shí)儲(chǔ)備，正處在學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的黃金時(shí)期。另一方面，現(xiàn)代中學(xué)生的個(gè)性訴求更加強(qiáng)，在新知識(shí)經(jīng)濟(jì)時(shí)代，受網(wǎng)絡(luò)信息技術(shù)發(fā)展的影響，他們往往接觸電視、多媒體、手機(jī)等傳播媒介較早，知識(shí)體系更加完備，眼界更加開(kāi)闊，已經(jīng)難以接受僵化的滿堂灌輸式課堂教學(xué)，希望能夠在寬松、愉快、彈性的課堂氛圍中，完成對(duì)知識(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)和吸納。結(jié)合新時(shí)代初中生的特點(diǎn)，下文中，筆者將結(jié)合教學(xué)實(shí)例來(lái)談?wù)勛约旱目捶ā?/p>

3 注重課堂教學(xué)的方式與方法

對(duì)中學(xué)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)來(lái)說(shuō)，課堂教學(xué)大致可以分為課程導(dǎo)入、內(nèi)容展開(kāi)、課文講解、課堂總結(jié)、課后練習(xí)和鞏固五個(gè)階段，好的教學(xué)方法能夠幫助學(xué)生克服生詞障礙、發(fā)掘?qū)W習(xí)興趣，在教學(xué)的各個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)達(dá)到理想的效果。

3.1 創(chuàng)設(shè)愉悅的課堂氛圍

例如，在進(jìn)行仁愛(ài)版八年級(jí)下冊(cè)Unit 5的Topic 3《Many things can affect our feelings》中，主要圍繞Michael的病情，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生對(duì)自身感情和態(tài)度的表達(dá)，以及在進(jìn)行社會(huì)交往、就醫(yī)等環(huán)節(jié)的交流。經(jīng)過(guò)對(duì)教學(xué)目標(biāo)的解析，結(jié)合八年級(jí)學(xué)生自尊心較強(qiáng)，對(duì)當(dāng)眾發(fā)言存在羞怯心理，害怕出錯(cuò)的心理，教師應(yīng)當(dāng)創(chuàng)設(shè)寬松愉悅的課堂氛圍，鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生多開(kāi)流。

為此，教師進(jìn)行了以下教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)。

3.1.1 第一步：課程導(dǎo)入

Teacher： Good morning， everyone！ I will bring you a very sweet English song. I hope you like it and it can make you happy.

（Then teacher plays the song）

通過(guò)愉悅歡快的歌曲導(dǎo)入新課，成功活躍了課堂氛圍。

3.1.2 第二步：進(jìn)入新課教學(xué)

Teacher： Do you feel happy when you are listening to the song？

Students：Yes， We do.

Teacher： But can you be happy all the time？ If you failed in the exam， or if you are ill， can you still be happy？

Students：No， we can’t.

Teacher： In our daily life， there are many things can affect our feelings. And it is also the topic of our class.

（Then lead the students to look at the screen）

在課堂氛圍的營(yíng)造上，教師選擇了以音樂(lè)的形式導(dǎo)入，然后再激發(fā)起學(xué)生的興趣后，再順勢(shì)進(jìn)入對(duì)課堂內(nèi)容的討論和學(xué)習(xí)。

3.2 多樣化教學(xué)方法的應(yīng)用

多樣化教學(xué)方法是對(duì)傳統(tǒng)教學(xué)方法的一種突破和有效彌補(bǔ)，在英語(yǔ)課堂教學(xué)中注入時(shí)代活力，利用當(dāng)代中學(xué)生喜聞樂(lè)見(jiàn)的多樣化形式，如：QQ群、微博等，吸納更多的新鮮元素，拓寬中學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的途徑；此外，隨著計(jì)算機(jī)信息技術(shù)的發(fā)展，多媒體課件和flas也成為課堂中有力的輔助工具，利用聲、光、色等立體化元素，豐富英語(yǔ)課堂，起到圖文并茂、淺顯易懂的作用。

4 注重培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的自主學(xué)習(xí)和合作探究能力

我國(guó)的教育制度改革中，著重提出并強(qiáng)調(diào)了培養(yǎng)學(xué)生自主學(xué)習(xí)與合作探究能力的教學(xué)倡議，注重提升學(xué)生的創(chuàng)新與發(fā)散思維能力。在中考英語(yǔ)試題中也有體現(xiàn)，八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)的教學(xué)一部分是對(duì)初一英語(yǔ)知識(shí)的回顧，另一部分就是為中考備考做準(zhǔn)備。所以，應(yīng)在課堂中注重對(duì)學(xué)生自主學(xué)習(xí)和合作探究能力的培養(yǎng)。

例如，在進(jìn)行仁愛(ài)版八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)Unit 3的Topic 1《Hobbies》的教學(xué)中，筆者為了鍛煉學(xué)生的自主學(xué)習(xí)能力，在課堂提前布置了預(yù)習(xí)任務(wù)，讓學(xué)生們查字典熟悉單詞，并結(jié)合所學(xué)知識(shí)撰寫一段小文章，向同學(xué)們介紹自己的興趣愛(ài)好。并在課堂上組織了小組交流互動(dòng)，讓同學(xué)們相互之間交流，進(jìn)行角色表演，鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生們多開(kāi)口、多模仿，教師再給予點(diǎn)評(píng)和分析。

5 做好總結(jié)與歸納，提升學(xué)生的記憶質(zhì)量

語(yǔ)言類科目學(xué)習(xí)的內(nèi)容可以概括為聽(tīng)、說(shuō)、讀、寫四個(gè)部分，對(duì)于八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)來(lái)說(shuō)，幫助學(xué)生及時(shí)做好對(duì)課堂知識(shí)的鞏固和復(fù)習(xí)，掌握記憶的方式與技巧，對(duì)提升學(xué)生的記憶質(zhì)量有重要作用。

教師可以幫助和鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生多總結(jié)與歸納單詞的記憶技巧、語(yǔ)法的理解技巧等，鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生們多總結(jié)和歸納，根據(jù)語(yǔ)言的規(guī)律來(lái)深入理解。例如：在八年級(jí)下冊(cè)Unit 5的單元復(fù)習(xí)課上，筆者結(jié)合詞匯和語(yǔ)法的學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)，進(jìn)行了重難點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí)，并將其總結(jié)和歸納為以下幾部分：①單元中出現(xiàn)的所有表示人物感情與性格的形容詞，如：happy、excited、worried、angry、smart、cruel、cute、brave、disappointed等。②系表結(jié)構(gòu)的概念與常見(jiàn)的系動(dòng)詞，如：be、become、get、turn、grow、feel、seem等。③ed形容詞與ing形容詞的區(qū)別。ed多表達(dá)“感到……的”、而ing多表達(dá)“令人……的”。④英語(yǔ)形容詞的比較級(jí)，并總結(jié)比較級(jí)的規(guī)則變化規(guī)律，以及一些不規(guī)則比較級(jí)的特例。

6 結(jié)語(yǔ)

英語(yǔ)的課堂教學(xué)是一門與時(shí)俱進(jìn)的藝術(shù)，“方法、能力、質(zhì)量”成為構(gòu)成高效課堂的三要素，教師應(yīng)當(dāng)積極進(jìn)行課堂教學(xué)方法的探索與實(shí)踐，幫助學(xué)生更好地提升學(xué)習(xí)能力，提升記憶質(zhì)量，進(jìn)而創(chuàng)設(shè)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)的魅力課堂。

參考文獻(xiàn)：

[1]陳傳光.初中英語(yǔ)教學(xué)中的課堂導(dǎo)入策略[J].基礎(chǔ)應(yīng)用教育，2012，（2）.

[2]何建蘭.利用有效教學(xué)，讓初中英語(yǔ)教學(xué)更精彩[J].學(xué)周刊，2012，（4）.

篇8

【關(guān)鍵詞】初中英語(yǔ)培養(yǎng)閱讀技巧閱讀能力

初中英語(yǔ)閱讀教學(xué)在英語(yǔ)教學(xué)中占有非常重要的地位。通過(guò)閱讀教學(xué)，既要使學(xué)生獲取信息，拓寬視野，豐富生活經(jīng)歷，開(kāi)發(fā)思維能力，提高人文素養(yǎng)。又要向?qū)W生傳授閱讀方法，訓(xùn)練其閱讀技巧，以培養(yǎng)他們良好的閱讀能力。

人教版英語(yǔ)教材信息量大、內(nèi)容多。教師必須準(zhǔn)確把握教材，精心備課，抓住教材與學(xué)生實(shí)際之間的共鳴點(diǎn)。以人為本，結(jié)合學(xué)生的個(gè)性差異，興趣愛(ài)好，調(diào)動(dòng)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的積極性。充分利用教材，注重培養(yǎng)學(xué)生良好的閱讀習(xí)慣，指導(dǎo)學(xué)生形成正確的閱讀方法。

閱讀課的導(dǎo)入至關(guān)重要。有如電視劇的片頭，以其精彩性先聲奪人，激發(fā)學(xué)生的閱讀欲望。教師可根據(jù)不同體裁的課文采用不同的方法靈活導(dǎo)入新課。

一、形象激趣

直觀形象地導(dǎo)入新課能極大地吸引學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣。例如，教學(xué)新目標(biāo)《goforit》八年級(jí)（下冊(cè)）Unit1Doyouthinkyouwillhaveyourownrobot？一文時(shí)，教師可下載機(jī)器人設(shè)計(jì)大賽中的一些片斷。教學(xué)Unit3Doyourememberwhatyouweredoing？時(shí)，可從講述Dr.MartinLutherKing的故事入手，使學(xué)生通過(guò)故事領(lǐng)會(huì)文章。教學(xué)Unit4Shesaidhelpingotherschangedherlife時(shí)，可播放希望工程主題歌《紅書包》，還可播放一些捐資助教的視頻。這些形象直觀的導(dǎo)入方式能夠激發(fā)學(xué)生的閱讀興趣，并為其理解課文內(nèi)容奠定基礎(chǔ)。

二、時(shí)事引趣

教學(xué)課文時(shí)，聯(lián)系時(shí)事新聞會(huì)使學(xué)生學(xué)得學(xué)有所用，從而激發(fā)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)機(jī)。例如，教學(xué)新目標(biāo)《goforit》八年級(jí)（下冊(cè)）Unit7Wouldyoumindkeepingyourvoicedown？Unit9HaveyoueverbeentoSingapore？和九年級(jí)Unit1Howdowedealwithourproblem？等課時(shí)，與構(gòu)建和諧社會(huì)，人與人和諧相處，人與動(dòng)物和諧相處結(jié)合起來(lái)。讓學(xué)生帶著一種探究的心理去閱讀課文，因而閱讀時(shí)也會(huì)饒有興趣。

三、設(shè)疑提趣

學(xué)生帶著疑問(wèn)閱讀時(shí)對(duì)文章的理解更快、更準(zhǔn)、更輕松。例如，教學(xué)記敘文時(shí)，可由W-questions導(dǎo)入，讓學(xué)生帶著問(wèn)題去讀，在文中尋找分析歸納答案，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生獨(dú)立閱讀的能力。例如，學(xué)生在閱讀九年級(jí)Unit9Doyouknowwhenbasketballwasinvented？之前，教師可提出下列問(wèn)題：

字面類問(wèn)題： WhoinventedBasketball？

Whenwasitinvented？

Whenwasthefirstbasketballgameplayed？

推斷類問(wèn)題： WhyweretheBerlinOlympicsimportantforbasketball？

應(yīng)用類問(wèn)題：Whyisitdifficulttobeabasketballplayer？Forexample.

隨著學(xué)生對(duì)課文的理解，還可以命制一些填空題或填表題來(lái)幫助學(xué)生進(jìn)一步理解課文，同時(shí)也與測(cè)試中的任務(wù)型閱讀接軌。

閱讀訓(xùn)練的另一重要環(huán)節(jié)是對(duì)學(xué)生進(jìn)行閱讀方法的指導(dǎo)。在教學(xué)中，要充分利用教材中豐富的內(nèi)容，訓(xùn)練他們的閱讀技巧，提高他們的理解能力。具體做法是：

一、培養(yǎng)學(xué)生良好的閱讀習(xí)慣

《新課標(biāo)》中規(guī)定：初中閱讀理解測(cè)試要求考生的平均閱讀速度為50―70WPM，生詞率為3%。而實(shí)際上學(xué)生閱讀時(shí)往往由于一些不良的習(xí)慣而影響其閱讀速度。這就要求學(xué)生閱讀時(shí)要抓住重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)或句子，在規(guī)定時(shí)間內(nèi)找出答案，提高閱讀速度，獲取文章整體信息的能力。閱讀前教師要先提出問(wèn)題，讓學(xué)生帶著問(wèn)題讀。例如，教學(xué)八年級(jí)Unit8Whydon’tyoulearntosingEnglishsongs？時(shí)，教師可設(shè)計(jì)以下問(wèn)題（判斷正誤）：

1.ThreegoodwaysofimprovingEnglisharementioned.

2.StudyingEnglishhelpedJiangMeiwintheprize.

3.Singingsongsdoesn’tmeanyoucanspeakEnglishwell.

要求學(xué)生在三分鐘之內(nèi)（全文約250個(gè)詞）速讀課文找到答案。這樣學(xué)生便產(chǎn)生了主動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)的愿望，對(duì)英語(yǔ)閱讀也頗感興趣。

二、訓(xùn)練學(xué)生的閱讀技巧

篇9

當(dāng)前，提高英語(yǔ)課堂教學(xué)效率成了共同關(guān)注的一個(gè)核心問(wèn)題。英語(yǔ)課堂教學(xué)的優(yōu)劣直接影響著學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的效果。如何有效地提高教學(xué)效率呢？筆者擬從以下幾個(gè)方面進(jìn)行探索：

一、精心設(shè)計(jì)前置作業(yè)

生本理念中的“先學(xué)后教”已將學(xué)生的“先學(xué)”提到了重要的位置。以往的預(yù)習(xí)作業(yè)都是讓學(xué)生簡(jiǎn)單地讀讀單詞，雖然在任務(wù)型教學(xué)的理念下，教師在課堂上還會(huì)花較多的時(shí)間去教學(xué)學(xué)生能在課前獲得的知識(shí)，造成教師控堂的時(shí)間還是比較多。但生本教育下，教師會(huì)將下一節(jié)課要學(xué)習(xí)的內(nèi)容以淺顯綱要、要點(diǎn)的形式布置，這類作業(yè)是為新課做預(yù)備，做鋪墊、做指引。它是預(yù)習(xí)作業(yè)，但又超越了預(yù)習(xí)作業(yè)。這就是以學(xué)生為本的前置作業(yè)（preset-homework）。它引導(dǎo)學(xué)生怎樣去預(yù)習(xí)，怎樣做好“先學(xué)”，怎樣進(jìn)行組內(nèi)的知識(shí)融合。前置作業(yè)必須是對(duì)學(xué)生的預(yù)習(xí)、“先學(xué)”有導(dǎo)向作用。在教學(xué)八年級(jí)下冊(cè)第八單元Why don’t you get her a scarf？第一?n時(shí)，筆者編寫了一份學(xué)案，其中本課時(shí)的前置作業(yè)如下：

1. 小組利用音標(biāo)拼讀單詞。組內(nèi)利用互補(bǔ)原則，最大程度上組內(nèi)每個(gè)組員單詞讀音過(guò)關(guān)：suggestion，comment，album，personal，special

2. 自主學(xué)習(xí)重點(diǎn)句型――提出建議和禮物的比較用語(yǔ)：What should I get my mom for her birthday？What / How about a scarf？ That’s too personal/ creative enough.

3. 每位孩子帶上曾經(jīng)收到的禮物，并用英語(yǔ)描述。

Gifts（禮物）： a scarf ， a sweater， a CD ， a book ， an English dictionary， a soccer ball ， a basketball， a notebook ， a pencil case ， a watch， a bicycle ， a camera， a photo album， a calendar ， some flowers an Mp4 ， a pair of scarfs...

Comments（評(píng)價(jià)）：interesting ， boring ， special ， personal ， creative ， cheap， expensive， wonderful ， creative enough ，beautiful useful ...

Example：I got / received on /when . /The best gift I have ever received is... I got it /them from ...That’s

.I like .

This is a gift that my friends gave me on my birthday /on Day. I think it’s .

二、凸顯中心話題

在課堂教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)，教師要妙用組織教學(xué)的語(yǔ)句和巧設(shè)學(xué)生操練的文字內(nèi)容，把所有課堂活動(dòng)，包括課前用于活躍氣氛的短片或音樂(lè)，緊扣本課時(shí)的中心話題展開(kāi)，以凸顯課時(shí)中心話題，不能東一榔頭，西一斧。筆者在教學(xué)八年級(jí)下冊(cè)第八單元Why don’t you get her a scarf？第一課時(shí)時(shí)，整合了教材，以新年為主線，貫穿新年贈(zèng)送禮物這一中心話題。

1. 熱身部分為學(xué)生齊唱Happy New Year，然后新年快到了，讓學(xué)生猜測(cè)教師收到的新年禮物，學(xué)生分享各自收到的新年禮物，教師在恰當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候?qū)W(xué)生的活動(dòng)進(jìn)行點(diǎn)評(píng)，如：禮輕情意重等。

2. 學(xué)生以pair work 的形式討論有關(guān)為朋友、同學(xué)、教師或家人挑選新年禮物的話題，把本節(jié)課的重點(diǎn)句子引出來(lái)。這時(shí)，教師起著導(dǎo)學(xué)的作用，給予學(xué)生半控制狀態(tài)。

A： What’s up？ You look worried today.

B： I need help. New Year is coming. What should I get ... for the New Year？

A： Why don’t you...？

B： That’s too personal / boring...

A： Why not ...？

B： That’s creative enough. But ...

A： How about...？

B： It’s not special enough/...

A： What about ...？

B： Sounds good. I think she’ll / he’ll like it.

...

3. 處理本節(jié)課的聽(tīng)力Section A 2a & 2b。學(xué)生一起探究在挑選禮物時(shí)，應(yīng)為不同的人挑選不同的禮物，教師可在此拓展，不同的節(jié)日，人們會(huì)贈(zèng)送不同的禮物和贈(zèng)送禮物時(shí)的注意點(diǎn)，也可涉及一些中西方文化差異。同時(shí)，小結(jié)本課的重難點(diǎn)。

4. 新年到了，學(xué)生要為他們的外教Mr and Mrs King以及他們的女兒挑選禮物。這個(gè)話題更開(kāi)放，教師只給出一些tips。

5. 最后，筆者設(shè)計(jì)了一個(gè)任務(wù)，教師會(huì)經(jīng)常收到兒子和女兒贈(zèng)送的禮物，新年臨近，請(qǐng)學(xué)生幫助教師挑選禮物，因?yàn)楹⒆拥南埠貌畈欢啵髮W(xué)生為教師選擇新年禮物出主意，給教師寫一份E-mail。

教師不論在創(chuàng)設(shè)情境和任務(wù)布置時(shí)，還是在學(xué)生言語(yǔ)訓(xùn)練的內(nèi)容和課堂評(píng)價(jià)中，自始至終沒(méi)有偏離新年贈(zèng)送禮物這一主線，用贈(zèng)送禮物把各個(gè)教學(xué)環(huán)節(jié)緊密地聯(lián)系在了一起，使各環(huán)節(jié)活動(dòng)串成了一條線，形成了一個(gè)整體，突出了本課的中心話題――Gifts。

三、精心設(shè)計(jì)板書

在英語(yǔ)的許多課堂上，出現(xiàn)了“零板書”的現(xiàn)象。一節(jié)課下來(lái)，教師竟未板書一個(gè)字。無(wú)論字詞還是教學(xué)的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)，都以多媒體的形式呈現(xiàn)，黑板成了擺設(shè)。其實(shí)，在我們的英語(yǔ)課堂教學(xué)中，板書具有多方面的教育作用。一個(gè)精心設(shè)計(jì)的板書就是一本“微型教科書”，不要因?yàn)橛卸嗝襟w技術(shù)而忽視了板書的價(jià)值。筆者認(rèn)為，在新的教學(xué)改革環(huán)境下，板書教學(xué)要回歸到英語(yǔ)課堂，與多媒體技術(shù)相結(jié)合，才能達(dá)到教學(xué)方式的最優(yōu)化，提高英語(yǔ)教學(xué)的課堂效率。

篇10

《英語(yǔ)課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》（2011年版）在實(shí)施建議中明確指出：“英語(yǔ)教學(xué)應(yīng)當(dāng)有利于學(xué)生理解外國(guó)文化，加深對(duì)祖國(guó)文化的理解，進(jìn)而拓展文化視野，形成跨文化交際意識(shí)和初步的跨文化交際能力。”語(yǔ)言是學(xué)習(xí)文化的主要工具，語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)的過(guò)程也應(yīng)該是語(yǔ)言文化學(xué)習(xí)的過(guò)程，因此語(yǔ)言與文化之間的關(guān)系非常密切。毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)不僅要掌握語(yǔ)音、詞匯、語(yǔ)法和習(xí)慣表達(dá)，還要了解如何用語(yǔ)言來(lái)反映社會(huì)的歷史、習(xí)俗，并了解社會(huì)文化。

然而，長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)，在初中英語(yǔ)課堂教學(xué)中，許多教師只重視語(yǔ)言知識(shí)的講解和訓(xùn)練，忽視了對(duì)學(xué)生進(jìn)行文化意識(shí)方面的教學(xué)，對(duì)于教材中所蘊(yùn)含的文化意識(shí)要么視而不見(jiàn)，要么蜻蜓點(diǎn)水，一帶而過(guò)，導(dǎo)致學(xué)生在實(shí)際使用英語(yǔ)的過(guò)程中，出現(xiàn)語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用不得體，不準(zhǔn)確的現(xiàn)象。

在多年從事Go for it！教學(xué)的實(shí)踐中，筆者通過(guò)觀察以及和學(xué)生交流發(fā)現(xiàn)，學(xué)生對(duì)純語(yǔ)言知識(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)普遍感到乏味，不太感興趣。而他們對(duì)跨文化知識(shí)卻有著濃厚的興趣。有一項(xiàng)關(guān)于“學(xué)生最喜歡的課堂活動(dòng)”的問(wèn)卷調(diào)查的結(jié)果也證明了這一點(diǎn)，有68.5%的學(xué)生喜歡“文化背景介紹”，是所有被調(diào)查的11項(xiàng)課堂活動(dòng)中比例最高的（束定芳，2004）。由此可見(jiàn)，跨英語(yǔ)文化意識(shí)的培養(yǎng)在英語(yǔ)教學(xué)中是不可或缺的，它有助于提高學(xué)生英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的興趣，有助于學(xué)生正確地使用語(yǔ)言，同時(shí)，有助于提高學(xué)生的自身素養(yǎng)。以下結(jié)合Go for it！教材和課堂教學(xué)的實(shí)踐，就如何滲透跨文化意識(shí)，提升學(xué)生文化素養(yǎng)略陳管見(jiàn)。

二、Go for it！教材中蘊(yùn)含豐富的文化意識(shí)內(nèi)容

縱觀Go for it！ 5冊(cè)的教材，有34個(gè)單元涉及到跨文化教學(xué)內(nèi)容，如，旅游、語(yǔ)言、友誼、名人、體育、音樂(lè)、文化、戲劇、動(dòng)物保護(hù)、節(jié)目、主題公園、求醫(yī)問(wèn)藥、購(gòu)物、態(tài)勢(shì)語(yǔ)、假日、飲食文化等，其中包含民俗文化的內(nèi)容最多。例如，“從不同方面談?wù)撝形黠嬍澄幕瘍?nèi)容”所涉及的單元有：七年級(jí)上Unit6 Do you like bananas？七年級(jí)下Unit8 I’d like some noodles.八年級(jí)上Unit7 How do you make a banana shake？九年級(jí)Unit6 Reading I only eat food that tastes good.九年級(jí)Unit12 You‘re supposed to shake hands. 從制作西餐到吃面條，從飲食結(jié)構(gòu)、飲食規(guī)則到餐桌禮儀，使學(xué)生更加了解西方社會(huì)的基本飲食文化。又如，“介紹一些交往禮儀” 所涉及的單元有：七年級(jí)上Unit 1 My name is Gina. 七年級(jí)下Unit 1 Where’s your pen pal from？八年級(jí)下Unit8 Why don’t you get her a scarf？八年級(jí)下Unit10 It’s a nice day， isn’t it ？九年級(jí)Unit12 You‘re supposed to shake hands等。內(nèi)容包含如何交友、如何和筆友通信、送禮、和陌生人閑聊、握手、親吻、鞠躬等體態(tài)語(yǔ)，深入到跨文化交往的內(nèi)涵，使學(xué)生能禮貌自信地在面對(duì)外國(guó)朋友時(shí)作出適當(dāng)?shù)姆磻?yīng)。

此外，在Go for it！教材配套的教師教學(xué)用書的Teaching Suggestions （Chinese）部分，每單元都配有Culture note，為教師自身對(duì)教材中的文化知識(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)與傳授提供了很好的備課素材。這些文化內(nèi)容有利于增進(jìn)學(xué)生對(duì)祖國(guó)文化和英語(yǔ)國(guó)家文化的了解，開(kāi)闊學(xué)生的文化視野。

三、培養(yǎng)跨文化意識(shí)，提升學(xué)生文化素養(yǎng)的教學(xué)實(shí)踐

1.選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)慕虒W(xué)內(nèi)容與形式，強(qiáng)化跨文化意識(shí)

教材是文化意識(shí)課程資源的核心部分，是將語(yǔ)言知識(shí)與文化知識(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)有機(jī)融合的主要載體。Go for it！教材的許多內(nèi)容往往涉及西方國(guó)家的歷史、文化、禮儀、地理和風(fēng)俗等，并且能生動(dòng)地再現(xiàn)中西文化的差異。如 Go for it！教材九年級(jí)Unit 12 You’re supposed to shake hands.這一單元在話題討論不同國(guó)家的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣——初次見(jiàn)面，餐桌禮儀的基礎(chǔ)上，教材中的3a部分對(duì)于跨文化知識(shí)進(jìn)行了很好的補(bǔ)充。教師在教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)和上課時(shí)應(yīng)以教材及其相關(guān)資源為平臺(tái)，通過(guò)豐富的文化背景知識(shí)的介紹，擴(kuò)大學(xué)生接觸各國(guó)風(fēng)俗文化的范圍，拓展學(xué)生的文化視野。在了解和尊重異國(guó)文化的同時(shí)，更加理解和熱愛(ài)本國(guó)文化。

詞匯中包含著極為豐富的各種文化信息，詞匯本身的產(chǎn)生、延伸和新陳代謝，提供了有關(guān)文化發(fā)展的信息。如，在教授12個(gè)月份的英文單詞時(shí)，筆者課前布置學(xué)生上網(wǎng)收集每個(gè)月份的由來(lái)，作為學(xué)生自主學(xué)習(xí)的預(yù)習(xí)作業(yè)，教師自己也在備課中做好幻燈片，在課堂上加以展示，以3月和4月為例：

如此的設(shè)計(jì)，便于突破單詞讀音和拼寫的難關(guān)，每個(gè)單詞都有一個(gè)傳說(shuō)（由來(lái)），教師適當(dāng)?shù)亟庹f(shuō)，不但挖掘了詞匯學(xué)習(xí)中的內(nèi)涵，豐富了學(xué)生的文化知識(shí)，將語(yǔ)言延伸至文化，還激發(fā)了學(xué)生英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的興趣，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生樂(lè)于鉆研的精神。Go for it！教材中還列舉了不少被收入英語(yǔ)詞匯的中文詞匯，如tofu（豆腐）、Kungu（功夫）、Erhu（二胡）等。在教授這些詞匯時(shí)，筆者有意識(shí)地引導(dǎo)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)和整理中文詞匯中的外來(lái)詞，這樣不僅可以增強(qiáng)學(xué)生英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的動(dòng)機(jī)，培養(yǎng)他們對(duì)外國(guó)文化和英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的積極態(tài)度，更可以加深對(duì)本民族文化的了解，提升學(xué)生的文化素養(yǎng)。

選擇閱讀教學(xué)中的跨文化內(nèi)容與形式，也是強(qiáng)化學(xué)生跨文化意識(shí)的重要途徑之一。例如，八年級(jí)下冊(cè)Unit3的閱讀語(yǔ)篇“Do you remember what you were doing？”，描寫的是美國(guó)黑人英雄馬丁·路德·金的被害事件對(duì)整個(gè)社會(huì)所造成的影響。在實(shí)際教學(xué)中，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)大部分學(xué)生對(duì)馬丁·路德·金這個(gè)偉人一無(wú)所知，如果教師沒(méi)有在讀前環(huán)節(jié)對(duì)馬丁·路德·金的背景進(jìn)行介紹，學(xué)生是無(wú)法體會(huì)到為什么他被暗殺會(huì)引起那么大的反應(yīng)，甚至于三十年后人們還清晰地記得當(dāng)時(shí)的情形。筆者曾在一次年輕教師的公開(kāi)課中聽(tīng)到師生這樣的對(duì)話：

T：（呈現(xiàn)Martin Luther King在演講的圖片）What was he doing ？Do you know who is Martin Luther King？ Do you know him？

S： He is the king of America.

T： He is the king of America，right？ （呈現(xiàn)PPT）

Ss： （笑）

T：（呈現(xiàn)3張有關(guān)Martin的圖片）Ok. Here’s some introduction of Martin Luther King. Ok，he was the famous leader of American civil rights movement. His most influential and well-known speech is “I Have A Dream”.

這個(gè)案例說(shuō)明了文化背景知識(shí)的補(bǔ)充在英語(yǔ)閱讀教學(xué)中的重要性和必要性。授課教師備課時(shí)有考慮到Martin Luther King的背景知識(shí)滲透問(wèn)題，但介紹過(guò)于簡(jiǎn)單。學(xué)生回答“He is the king of America.”一方面反映出學(xué)生對(duì)大小寫開(kāi)頭的King和king之間的含義區(qū)別不清楚，另一方面學(xué)生對(duì)20世紀(jì)60年代美國(guó)的黑人運(yùn)動(dòng)不了解，那么對(duì)Martin Luther King的偉大以及人們聞其死訊時(shí)的悲傷更是無(wú)法體會(huì)了。因此，教師根據(jù)教學(xué)需要有必要及時(shí)提供給學(xué)生必不可少的文化背景知識(shí)，以便學(xué)生在閱讀實(shí)踐中跨越閱讀過(guò)程中的文化障礙，增加文化積累。

2.借助語(yǔ)言知識(shí)教學(xué)，突出文化內(nèi)涵

語(yǔ)言知識(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)與文化密不可分。教學(xué)中不但要使學(xué)生掌握語(yǔ)言知識(shí)，還要使學(xué)生掌握使用語(yǔ)言時(shí)應(yīng)遵循的社會(huì)文化準(zhǔn)則，并使他們得到有意識(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)和反復(fù)的練習(xí)。在Go for it！ 教學(xué)中，筆者充分利用單元話題，給學(xué)生呈現(xiàn)豐富多彩的背景知識(shí)，盡量設(shè)計(jì)英語(yǔ)活動(dòng)課，為學(xué)生創(chuàng)造參與和體驗(yàn)的機(jī)會(huì)。例如：在教八年級(jí)下冊(cè)Unit10 It’s a nice day ，isn’t it？時(shí)，我給學(xué)生講解為什么英國(guó)人見(jiàn)面時(shí)總喜歡談?wù)撎鞖?。在這一單元Section A教學(xué)結(jié)束時(shí)，我布置學(xué)生分小組編寫對(duì)話，根據(jù)所給的各種不同場(chǎng)合寫出閑聊會(huì)話，并利用課余時(shí)間進(jìn)行排練，然后利用課堂時(shí)間，讓學(xué)生把準(zhǔn)備好的對(duì)話表演出來(lái)。通過(guò)活動(dòng)課，學(xué)生們進(jìn)一步體驗(yàn)了與陌生人閑聊時(shí)應(yīng)該考慮到聽(tīng)者的文化背景，生活習(xí)慣，喜，怒，哀，樂(lè)等。

又如，在教八年級(jí)下冊(cè)Unit8 Why don’t you get her a scarf？時(shí)，正值Mother’s Day（母親節(jié)）即將來(lái)臨，我鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生替母親做一件力所能及的事情，同時(shí)告訴學(xué)生，寫賀卡，發(fā)短信向親朋好友表達(dá)祝福和感謝是英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言國(guó)家常用的表達(dá)方式之一。布置學(xué)生自制賀卡，讓他們?cè)诳埳媳磉_(dá)對(duì)母親的愛(ài)和祝福。學(xué)生們的賀卡造型各異，上面寫著：“Thanks for your love. I love you. Happy Mother’s Day！”“Dear mom， I want to tell you that I’m lucky to be your child.Today is Mother’s Day. I know you are tired every day Because you work hard for our family. These years you are tired.Now I want to say thank-you to you. In the end， I hope you will be more and more beautiful. I love you.” 等。一張張寫著孩子們對(duì)母親的祝福、感謝和愛(ài)的卡片給學(xué)生帶來(lái)了一次表達(dá)愛(ài)的體驗(yàn)，有的學(xué)生說(shuō)他從小到大還沒(méi)有向母親這樣表達(dá)過(guò)，母親們也因此收獲了一次感動(dòng)和幸福。這一活動(dòng)的開(kāi)展，讓學(xué)生不僅學(xué)會(huì)了寫英文感謝短信，還學(xué)會(huì)了感恩，讓學(xué)生在學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)言的同時(shí)也能得到文化的熏陶。

3.利用現(xiàn)代多媒體，拓展文化資源

現(xiàn)代媒體教學(xué)是當(dāng)今語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)的重要途徑之一。隨著語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)渠道的日益增長(zhǎng)，實(shí)物與生動(dòng)形象的圖片資源、報(bào)紙、雜志信息十分豐富，電影與網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源在體現(xiàn)故事情節(jié)與動(dòng)態(tài)的表演方面占據(jù)了優(yōu)勢(shì)，其表達(dá)的深刻內(nèi)容，有助于理解文化知識(shí)內(nèi)涵，它們是跨文化教學(xué)不可或缺的重要手段。

筆者經(jīng)常結(jié)合教學(xué)內(nèi)容，通過(guò)多媒體資源，讓學(xué)生觀看英文版經(jīng)典電視劇或電影，學(xué)習(xí)和欣賞英語(yǔ)歌曲等。例如，八年級(jí)下Unit2 What should I do？的單元教學(xué)目標(biāo)是談?wù)搶W(xué)校和家庭中遇到的麻煩和問(wèn)題，以及為他人或自己找到合理的解決辦法，提出相應(yīng)的建議。在教這一單元時(shí)，我讓學(xué)生觀看被全美兒童評(píng)選為最喜愛(ài)的電視劇《新成長(zhǎng)的煩惱》。該劇以少女利齊·邁奎爾和她的同學(xué)米蘭達(dá)、戈多的校園經(jīng)歷為主線，以利齊的弟弟馬特和父母的故事為副線，用輕喜劇的方式生動(dòng)、幽默地展示了美國(guó)中學(xué)生的生活狀況和情感歷程。 盡管中美青少年的校園和家庭生活存在一定的差異，但劇中十幾歲孩子的那些不安分的小動(dòng)作、口中說(shuō)的時(shí)髦語(yǔ)言、個(gè)性鮮明的行為舉止，以及青少年朋友之間的小矛盾等，使學(xué)生在享受幽默帶來(lái)的樂(lè)趣中產(chǎn)生了共鳴，在情境體驗(yàn)中，輕松獲得美國(guó)中學(xué)生的校園和家庭文化知識(shí)

4.利用測(cè)試手段，突出跨文化內(nèi)容

在日常教學(xué)中，傳統(tǒng)的筆頭測(cè)試為跨文化意識(shí)的培養(yǎng)提供了良好的手段。如運(yùn)用單（多）項(xiàng)選擇與判斷、情景交際練習(xí)等。為了提高學(xué)生對(duì)中外文化的敏感度，我們?cè)谶x擇測(cè)試形式和內(nèi)容時(shí)，可以有意識(shí)地選擇帶有明顯文化差異的題目。如：

① ——Tina，would you like to go to the cinema this weekend？

______________.

A.Thank you B.See you soon

C.That’s a good idea D.Yes，I think so

②When you are invited to have dinner at an American friend’s house，what should you do？

A.Bring a small gift and offer to help in the kitchen.

B.Bring an expensive gift you think the host or hostess may need or like，and get ready to talk about your native culture.

C.Bring nothing as a gift， but offer to help in the kitchen.

D.Bring nothing as a gift，but get ready to talk about your native culture.